The Good Childhood Inquiry, managed by The Children's Society, aims to renew society's understanding of childhood in the twenty-first century.
The charity said it believes too many children in the UK are experiencing poor childhoods. It launched the inquiry after research found that the well-being of children in the UK is among the lowest in Europe, with many, particularly refugee children, those in trouble with the law and disabled children, experiencing increased levels of mental health problems.
Lord Layard, emeritus professor of economics at the London School of Economics, will chair the independent inquiry panel, which will consist of experts and influencers including professionals, academics and faith leaders.
Dr Rowan Williams, the Archbishop of Canterbury, is patron of the inquiry, and Professor Sir Al Aynsley-Green, children's commissioner for England, will be a panel member.
Bob Reitemeier, chief executive of The Children's Society, said, 'The inquiry will benefit the children's sector as a whole. It will complement the Government's recognition that Every Child Matters by asking "what matters to every child?" and ensuring that the views of children and young people can be heard.'
The Children's Society has already asked 10,000 young people what they think makes for a good childhood. The findings will be published next month when the charity launches its two-year national call for evidence from children, young people and adults.
Lord Layard said, 'Our wealth as a society has clearly not bought us the kind of childhood we want for our children... The Good Childhood Inquiry provides an opportunity to focus positively on childhood, counterbalancing the negative perceptions we encounter every day.'